| Italy
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Northern
Italy comprises the alpine regions, the Po Plain and the Ligurian-Etruscan
Appennines. Piemonte and Val d'Aosta contain some of the highest
mountains in Europe and are good areas for winter sports. Many rivers
flow down from the mountains towards the Po Basin, passing through the
beautiful Italian Lake District (Maggiore, Como and Garda).
The Po Basin, which extends as far
south as the bare slopes of the Appennines, is covered with gravel
terraces and rich alluvial soil and has long been one of Italy's most
prosperous regions. To the east, where the River Po flows into the
Adriatic Sea, the plains are little higher than the river itself;
artificial (and occasionally natural) embankments prevent flooding.
Central Italy covers the northern part
of the Italian peninsula. Tuscany (Toscana) has a diverse landscape with
snow-capped mountains (the Tuscan Appennines), lush countryside, hills
and a long sandy coastline with offshore islands.
Le Marche, lying between the Appennines
and the Adriatic coast, is a region of mountains, rivers and small
fertile plains. The even more mountainous regioni (administrative
districts) of Abruzzo and Molise are bordered by Marche to the north and
Puglia to the south, and are separated from the Tyrrhenian Sea and to
the west by Lazio and Campania. Umbria is known as the 'green heart of
Italy', hilly with broad plains, olive groves and pines. Further south
lies Rome, Italy's capital and largest city. Within its precincts is the
Vatican City (see separate entry on Vatican City).
In Southern Italy, Campania consists of
flat coastal plains and low mountains, stretching from Baia Domizia to
the Bay of Naples and along a rocky coast to the Calabria border.
Inland, the Appennines are lower, mellowing into the rolling countryside
around Sorrento. The islands of Capri, Ischia and Procida in the
Tyrrhenian Sea are also part of Campania. The south is wilder than the
north, with mile upon mile of olive trees, cool forests and rolling
hills. Puglia, the 'heel of the boot', is a landscape of volcanic hills
and isolated marshes. Calabria, the 'toe', is heavily forested and
thinly populated. The Calabrian hills are home to bears and wolves.
The Islands include Sicily, which is
visible across a 3km (2 mile) strait from mainland Italy, is fertile but
mountainous with volcanoes (including the famous landmark of Mount Etna)
and lava fields, and several offshore islands. Sardinia (Sardegna) has a
mountainous landscape, fine sandy beaches and rocky offshore islands.
Summer is hot, especially in the south.
Spring and autumn are mild with fine, sunny weather. Winter in the south
is much drier and warmer than in northern and central areas. Mountain
regions are colder with heavy winter snowfalls.
Required clothing: Lightweight cottons
and linens are worn during the summer, except in the mountains. Light to
medium clothing is worn in the south during winter, while warmer clothes
are worn elsewhere. Alpine wear is advised for winter mountain resorts.
Flight time from London to Rome is
roughly 2 hours and 30 minutes.
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Rome
The
"Eternal" city offers 2,800 years of history and
culture, combined with the attractions and venues of a modern
cosmopolitan European city.
Sightseeing can be based around
it's Ancient Roman monuments like the Pantheon, The Forum and the
Colosseum, or it's beautiful renaissance squares and the "Trevi"
and Piazza Navona fountains and St Peter's Basilica and the
Catacombs cannot be missed. Rome illuminates major sites at night,
adding to the city's nocturnal allure.
The choice of restaurants is
dazzling, offering Italian traditional specialities and most
international cuisine. Bars and café restaurants abound and it is
quintessentially Italian that you take a break to sip coffee in
one of the street bars. Rome's nightlife offers selection of small
piano bars, live music, jazz clubs and international discos.
Roman cooking is generally
identified with that of Lazio. It is not excessively sophisticated
but is among the most flavoured of Italy. The most authentic
dishes are prepared with simple ingredients: pasta, tripe, chicken
giblets, baccalà (salted fish), beans, artichokes, brain, beef
tail ("coda di manzo") - although there is no lack of
richer dishes like lamb, goat's meat, pork, and various types of
seafood. The meal usually begins with an antipasto: cold meats,
raw vegetables soaked in olive oil or vinegar, olives, "bruschetta"
(toasted bread with olive oil and garlic and various toppings such
as tomatoes), and seafood.
The
real main dish is the first: spaghetti carbonara style, bucatini
(a type of pasta) alla matriciana (tomato, bacon and onion), penna
all'arrabbiata (tomato, parsley, and peppers), gnocchi alla romana,
spaghetti with garlic and oil, fettucini with butter or tomato
sauce. Also traditional are country soups like pasta with beans,
or with chickpeas or lentils, or potato gnocchi with tomato sauce.
Rome is a very lively city,
celebrated not only for its monuments but also for being the
centre of "La Dolce Vita." Cafés and bars are open
until one in the morning, while discotheques and clubs close late
in the night. Movie theatres are numerous and offer both new
releases, just out on the film circuit, and films by little-known
authors, projected in film clubs and in experimental theatres.
Leonardo da Vinci airport lies
about 35 miles Southwest from the city centre where most of the
best hotels are located. The Ciampino airport, 16-km south-east of
Rome, is the destination for most air charters and for some
domestic lines. Quality is of a generally high standard for both
accommodation and meetings. High-class venues include the
Cavalieri Hilton, Westin Excelsior, Intercontinental de la Ville,
Grand Parci Dei Principi, Le Grand and the Aldrovani. |
Capri
In
the ever-changing panorama of the minor islands of Italy, Capri holds a
position of absolute privilege, evoking an inextricable mixture of
sensations. Everything, which can be perceived by the senses, finds its
greatest elevation on this island. The light, the perfume of the flowers
and vegetation, the strong salt-laden breezes of the sea, the cry of
seagulls continue to lift your stress. The rough yet sublime taste of
the cuisine of Capri and finally the possibility of touching with one's
hands the ancient traces of an illustrious and fascinating history
complete a spellbinding picture.
Capri started as a Greek colony
although it is believed it was populated as far back as the Paleolithic
age. The Roman "discovery" of Capri dates back to 29 AD when
Augustus landed on his way back to Rome
after Eastern campaigns. Having fallen in love with the Island, he took
it from the Neapolitans, giving Ischia in return. During his presence
the island underwent radical changes due to the building of sumptuous
villas and splendid residences. His successor, Tiberius, made Capri his
"golden exile", erecting several villas on the dominant point
of the island.
During the Middle Ages Capri was
occupied by the Saracens whose lasting influence can be seen in local
building conventions. Then the island passed from one dominant force to
another until it was annexed to the newly formed Kingdom of Italy in the
19th century.
Sardinia
This island is located a little under
200 km from the Italian mainland; it is relatively free of large cities
of heavy industry and its beaches are indeed some of the cleanest in
Italy and are on the whole uncrowded, except perhaps for peak season.
But Sardinia offers plenty besides sun and sea, the more so if you are
prepared to penetrate into its lesser-known interior.
The island holds some surprises: the
remains of the various civilisations that passed through here. Its
central Mediterranean position ensured that it was never left alone for
long. From the Carthaginians onwards the island was ravaged by a
succession of invaders, each of them leaving some imprint. These include
Roman and Carthaginian ruins, Genoan fortresses, a string of elegant
Pisan churches, not to mention some impressive Gothic and Baroque
architecture.
Most striking of all are the remnants
of Sardinia's only significant native culture, known as the nuraghic
civilisation after the 7000-odd nuraghi that litter the landscape. These
mysterious, stone-built constructions are unique to Sardinia. On the
whole Sardinia's smaller centres are the most attractive but the
capital, Cagliari, is a good base for exploring the southern part of the
island.
The other main ferry port is Olbia in
the north, little more than a transit town. The Costa Smeralda, a few
kilometres, distant, is Sardinia's best-known resort area and lives up
to its reputation for opulence.
Italian Lakes
The waters of Lake Maggiore wash up on
the banks of Piedmont and Lombardy but its more austere northern basin (Locarno,
for example) lies in the mountainous region of Switzerland. At its
longest point it stretches a distance of more than 40 miles and is 6 ½
miles at its widest.
A wealth of natural beauty awaits the
visitor: mellowed lakeside villas, dozens of gardens with lush
vegetation, sparkling waters, and panoramic views. A veil of mist seems
to hover at times, especially in the early spring and late autumn.
Maggiore is a most rewarding lake to
visit from Milan, especially because of the Borromean Islands in its
centre (most easily reached from Stresa). From Milan, a drive Northwest
for about 51 miles will take you to Stresa, the major resort on Lake
Maggiore.
On the western shore, 407 miles
Northwest of Rome and 51 miles Northwest of Milan, Stresa has
skyrocketed from a simple fishermen village to a first class
international resort. Its vantage on the lake is almost unparalleled and
its level of hotel accommodations is superior to that of the Maggiore
resorts of Italy.
Scene of sporting activities and an
international Festival of Musical Weeks (beginning in late August), it
swings into action in April, then dwindles in popularity at the end of
October. Depending on traffic, Stresa is reached in an hour from Milan.
There are no busses for getting about town, but Stresa is small and can
easily be walked.
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Sicily
Just
visiting Sicily it can be realised why in the past the island was
so important. The sun, the green hills in the summer that have
also a beautiful brown colour in the autumn, the lovely hot
weather, the beautiful sea, the scents, all these things and much
more make Sicily the perfect place to visit, tour and relax.
The monuments are breathtaking
and show the beauty of Mediterranean culture.
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Taormina
As soon as you arrive in Taormina, you
will feel the magical, mythical atmosphere all around which has
enchanted visitors from all over the world for years and years. Settled
on a hill of the Monte Tauro, Taormina dominates two grand, sweeping
bays below. On the southern side, the top of Mount Etna, Europe's
highest active volcano, often capped with snow, offering to the visitors
a breathtaking, dramatic and memorable view over almost one hundred
miles of Mediterranean Sea.
Sorrento Surriento in Neapolitan
dialect, surnamed La Gentile, is perched on a tufa rock rising 50 m
above the sea and bounded on three sides by deep ravines. Situated in a
district of singular beauty, near the middle of the north side of the
famous peninsula, which bears its name, it is an enchanting place at all
seasons.
Naples
The largest city of Campania, capital
of the province and the region, Naples is the third most populated city
in Italy (after Rome and Milan), with over a million inhabitants, and is
the most important industrial centre and trading port for the South.
A point of embarkation for immigrants
in the past, Naples now has a large traffic of merchandise (petroleum,
carbon, cereals) and passengers. It is the largest Italian port, with a
noteworthy nexus of railway and highways and a large international
airport. In the vast urban area one can distinguish many different
neighbourhoods: the old centre, characterised by buildings closely
crowded together, is bordered on the west by the new administrative
district and on the east by the business district, into which flows
almost all the road and rail traffic. Other neighbourhoods, with narrow
climbing streets, rise around the base of the San Martino and
Capodimonte hills.
The district is noted for oranges,
lemons and nuts and the town for inlaid woodwork (intarsio), lace and
straw plaiting.
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